Learning Latex: List of Mathematical Symbols

Introduction

In LaTeX, there are several ways to create equations:

In an equation, you might need many mathematical symbols. Some symbols are quired packages: amsmath, amssymb or mathtools.

Symbol	Script	Symbol	Script
∣	\mid	∥	`\\|` or \parallel
/	/	∖	\backslash
{	`\{`	}	`\}`
[	`\[`	]	`\]`
⟨	\langle	⟩	\rangle
↑	\uparrow	↓	\downarrow
⇑	\Uparrow	⇓	\Downarrow
⌈	\lceil	⌉	\rceil
⌊	\lfloor	⌋	\rfloor
⌜	\ulcorner	⌝	\urcorner
⌞	\llcorner	⌟	\lrcorner

Symbol	Script	Symbol	Script
Αα	A \alpha	Ν ν	N \nu
Β β	B \beta	Ξ ξ	\Xi \xi
Γ γ	\Gamma \gamma	Ο ο	O o
Δ δ	\Delta \delta	Π π ϖ	\Pi \pi \varpi
Ε ε ϵ	E \epsilon \varepsilon	Ρ ρ ϱ	P \rho \varrho
Ζ ζ	Z \zeta	Σ σ ς	\Sigma \sigma \varsigma
Η η	H \eta	Τ τ	T \tau
Θ θ ϑ	\Theta \theta \vartheta	Υ υ	\Upsilon \upsilon
Ι ι	I \iota	Φ ϕ φ	\Phi \phi \varphi
Κ κ ϰ	K \kappa \varkappa	Χ χ	X \chi
Λ λ	\Lambda \lambda	Ψ ψ	\Psi \psi
Μ μ	M \mu	Ω ω	\Omega \omega

Symbol	Script	Comment
<	`<`	less than
>	`>`	greater than
=	=	equal to
≮	\nless	not less than
≯	\ngtr	not greater than
≠	\neq \ne	not equal to
≤	\leq \leqslant	less than or equal to
≥	\geq \geqslant	greater than or equal to
≰	\nleq \nleqslant	neither less than nor equal to
≱	\ngeq \ngeqslant	neither greater than nor equal to
≪	\ll	much less than
≫	\gg	much greater than
⋘	\lll	very much less than
⋙	\ggg	very much greater than
∥	\parallel	parallel to
∦	\nparallel	not parallel to
≐	\doteq	approaches the limit
≡	\equiv	equivalent to
≈	\approx	approximately equal to
≅	\cong	congruent to or approximately equal to
≃	\simeq	asymptotically equal to
∼	\sim	similar to
⊂	\subset	subset of
⊃	\supset	superset of
⊄	\not\subset	not a subset of
⊅	\not\supset	not a superset of
⊆	\subseteq	subset of or equal to
⊇	\supseteq	superset of or equal to
⊈	\nsubseteq	neither a subset of nor equal to
⊉	\nsupseteq	neither a superset of nor equal to
⊏	\sqsubset	square image of
⊐	\sqsupset	square original of
⊑	\sqsubseteq	square image of or equal to
⊒	\sqsupseteq	square original of or equal to
≺	\prec	precedes
≻	\succ	succeeds
⊀	\nprec	not precede
⊁	\nsucc	not succeed
≼	\preceq	precedes or equal to
≽	\succeq	succeeds or equal to
⋠	\npreceq	not precede or equal
⋡	\nsucceq	not succeed or equal
∝	\propto	proportional to
≍	\asymp	equivalent to
⋈	\bowtie	bowtie
⊢	\vdash
⊣	\dashv
∈	\in	element of
∋	\ni	contains as member
∉	\notin	not an element of
⌣	\smile
⌢	\frown
⊧	\models
⊥	\perp
∣	\mid
∵	\because
∴	\therefore

Symbol	Script	Comment
∅	\emptyset \varnothing	empty set
ℕ	\mathbb{N}	set of natural numbers
ℤ	\mathbb{Z}	set of integers
ℚ	\mathbb{Q}	set of rational numbers
ℝ	\mathbb{R}	set of real numbers
ℂ	\mathbb{C}	set of complex numbers
𝔸	\mathbb{A}	set of algebraic numbers
ℍ	\mathbb{H}	set of quaternions
𝕆	\mathbb{O}	set of octonions
𝕊	\mathbb{S}	set of sedenions
∈	\in	element of
∋	\ni	contains as member
∉	\notin	not an element of
⊂	\subset	subset of
⊃	\supset	superset of
⊄	\not\subset	not a subset of
⊅	\not\supset	not a superset of
⊆	\subseteq	subset of or equal to
⊇	\supseteq	superset of or equal to
⊈	\nsubseteq	neither a subset of nor equal to
⊉	\nsupseteq	neither a superset of nor equal to
∩	\cap	set intersection
∪	\cup	set union
∖	\setminus	set difference
∃	\exists	there exists
∄	\nexists	there does not exist
∀	\forall	for all
¬	\neg	logical not
∧	\land	logical and
∨	\lor	logical or
←	\leftarrow
→	\rightarrow
↔	\leftrightarrow
↦	\mapsto
⟼	\longmapsto
⟸	\Longleftarrow
⇐	\Leftarrow
⟹	\Longrightarrow
⇒	\Rightarrow
⟺	\iff
⇔	\Leftrightarrow
⊤	\top
⊥	\bot
↼	\leftharpoonup
⇀	\rightharpoonup
↽	\leftharpoondown
⇁	\rightharpoondown
⇋	\leftrightharpoons
⇌	\rightleftharpoons

Symbol	Script	Symbol	Script
sin	\sin	cos	\cos
tan	\tan	cot	\cot
arcsin	\arcsin	arccos	\arccos
arctan	\arctan	arccot	\arccot
sinh	\sinh	cosh	\cosh
tanh	\tanh	coth	\coth
sec	\sec	csc	\csc

28 April 2019